Landscape Maintenance Districts (LMDs) established under the Municipal Improvement Act of 1913 Act with bonds issued under the Improvement Bond Act of 1915, are used to finance various public improvements throughout the district boundaries. An LMD imposes a special assessment on property owners to fund public improvements such as public works and infrastructure, utility infrastructure, and real property acquisition. The properties within the boundaries of an LMD receive direct, or special, benefit from the public improvements financed. Properties are levied an annual assessment to pay for their proportional share of the annual district costs including debt service on bonds issued. The City of Oxnard currently has three bonded LMDs: